Inkundla ngu-vula kuba wonke ukuze ulondoloze iintlanganiso
I-Supreme Federal Inkundla ingaba supreme inkundla (inkundla yokugqibela resort) i-Brazil, wayekhonza ngokukodwa njengoko Inkundla yomgaqo-Siseko lizweKubalulekile ephezulu kwinkundla yomthetho kwi-Brazil kuba imiba yomgaqo-siseko yayo, ulawulo azinako appealed. Kwimibuzo involving exclusively non-siseko imiba ephathelene federal imithetho, inkundla ephezulu, yi-umthetho, Superior Inkundla Lobulungisa. Ecaleni kwayo isibheno competence, ikakhulu yi-ihlale ngexesha elingelilo lokuhlala Isibheno, Inkundla iye encinane umqolo we iimeko yoqobo kwimimandla ephantsi kolawulo lwesixeko, kuquka amandla matyala kovavanyo, judging nemo-mgaqo-siseko ka-imithetho ophunyezwe-National Congress, ngokusebenzisa Ngqo Intshukumo ye Unconstitutionality. Kukho kanjalo nezinye iindlela kuba reaching Inkundla ngqo, ezifana Declaratory Intshukumo ye nemo-mgaqo-siseko kwaye Ngqo Intshukumo ye Unconstitutionality yi-ukushiya isenzo. I-elinanye lwabagwebi wenkundla zibizwa ngokuba Mphathiswa, nangona ekubeni akukho similarity kunye urhulumente umzimba ka-mphathiswa. Baya kutyunjwa Ngumongameli kwaye samkelwe ngumlawuli Yeengwevu. Akukho ixesha ubude kodwa inkqubo esisinyanzelo umhlala-phantsi neminyaka engama. Bonke-matyala kwaye yolawulo iintlanganiso lesiqu Inkundla zithe usasazo kuphila kwi lwethelevijini ukususela ngowama. Kwi-Meyi I-Umhloli ngokuba Supreme Federal Inkundla 'kakhulu overburdened inkundla ehlabathini, imibulelo a plethora yamalungelo kwaye iinyhweba entrenched kweli lizwe ke, -siseko umhlaba kutshanje isigqeba ke, izigqibo yaye ukubopha thoba iinkundla. Isiphumo waba inkundla ukuba ufumana overstretched kwi-incopho ka-mutiny. Inkundla waba inaugurated ngexesha colonial era kwi, unyaka ukuba royal usapho ka-Germany (Indlu Braganza) bafika kwi-Rio de Janeiro. Isibhengezo ye-Isijapani Isibhengezo ka-Ukuzimela kwaye abazali i-Imperial-Siseko preceded ukusekwa lesiqu Inkundla Lobulungisa ngowe.
I-Supreme Inkundla wafumana, iimeko kulo nyaka uphelileyo
Kunye lokuqala-Siseko ka - Kwiriphabliki, ngoku Inkundla yamiselwa. Nangona umgaqo-siseko norms ukuba regulated ekudalweni Inkundla kuvunyelwe Deodoro da Fonseca, Brazil ke kuqala umongameli, ukuba baphakamise amagama i ngokupheleleyo entsha Inkundla, umongameli wonyula ukuba baphakamise amagama njengoko lokuqala amalungu lesiqu Federal Inkundla i-mphathiswa ababe ke wayekhonza njengoko amalungu predecessor imperial Inkundla. Amakhulu amabini anamashumi amalungu kuba wasebenza kwi Inkundla.
Umgaqo-Siseko ka, kugqitywe ukuba Inkundla ange elinesihlanu amalungu.
Xa Getúlio Vargas yaqalisa amandla, inani lamalungu waba ukuphumela ku. Inani latshintshelwa elinesithandathu kwi-yowe, kodwa wabuyela elinanye kwi- kwaye alifumanisanga itshintshe ukusukela. Bonke Abongameli ka-Brazil, enye kuphela (Café Filho) zange otyunjwe umphathiswa. Umongameli kunye usekela kamongameli-mongameli Wenkundla bayonyulwa yi-zabo iintanga kuba ithuba emibini yi-imfihlo ballot. Ngoku wayekhonza Umongameli Dias Toffoli Re-unyulo kuba consecutive elithi akuvumelekanga. Ngo tradition, amalungu Inkundla rhoqo abanyulwa njengoko umongameli kakhulu yabalawuli umphathiswa Inkundla ukuba sele azikathi wakhonza njengomongameli, ukuphepha politicization Wenkundla. Ke ngoko, ziyaziwa ezingaphambili ukuba elandelayo Abalawulayo Wenkundla, emva Dias Toffoli, ndiya kuba, ukuze, Luiz Fux kwaye Rosa Weber. Ukuba onke amalungu ngoku ehleli kwi Inkundla kuba sele wakhonza njengomongameli, ukujikeleza iqala zonke phezu kwakhona nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ubukho be a compulsory umhlala-phantsi ubudala, kwaye consequent ukuqeshwa entsha mphathiswa ukuba bazalise izithuba ezo, kubaluleke kakhulu rare kuba umjikelo zokugcwaliswa kwaye restarted, kwaye abanye abaphathiswa ingaba banyanzeleka ukuba uthathe umhlala phantsi phambi zabo jika kubumongameli arrives, njengokuba kwakunjalo kulindeleke ukuba kunokwenzeka kunye Teori Zavascki. Ngokunxulumene efanayo convention, Inkundla ikhetha njengoko usekela kamongameli-mongameli kuba ethile ixesha umphathiswa abo, ngokwaloo tradition, iza kumiselwa-mongameli kwi-succeeding ixesha. Kanjalo yi-tradition, unyulo umongameli kwaye usekela kamongameli-mongameli ingaba zange unanimous, apho ke soloko omnye isolated minority ivoti ngasinye unyulo, njengoko abaphathiswa abo bamele onyulelwe ukuba zange wakhupha zabo votes iziqu zabo ezifana votes baphoselwa mhlawumbi kuba Dean Wenkundla - ayo uninzi yabalawuli ilungu - okanye kuba ezinye umdala umphathiswa ukuba omnye abe onyulwe ukuba abe admires kwaye ifuna ukuba ahlawule homage. Eyintloko kanjalo i-th kwi ye-ofisi kamongameli Succession Umgca, xa Umongameli we-Brazil uba prevented ukuba abe eliphetheyo, ekubeni preceded yi-usekela kamongameli-Mongameli, Umongameli Kwegumbi ka-Deputies, Nomongameli Federal Yeengwevu, exelwe Inqaku le Isijapani-Siseko. I-Isijapani Prosecutor-Jikelele, Raquel Dodge, prosecutor lesiqu Inkundla kwaye iintloko - Federal Ministério Público. I-Isijapani Solicitor-Jikelele, André Luiz Mendonça, inoxanduva isemthethweni nkqo ekukhuseleni ilungelo lomgaqo-federal karhulumente kwi-Supreme Inkundla iimeko, kwaye iintloko-ofisi Lamagqwetha Jikelele kwi-federal inqanaba.
