Pope Alexander VI ndenza Treaty ka-Tordesillas
I-isiphuthukezi colonization ka-Brazil-Anglo-isiphuthukezi Alliance zibalulekile Brazil ke imbaliI-isiphuthukezi kokuba ezininzi impacts kwi-Brazil ngokusebenzisa colonization ngokunjalo njengoko founding lizwe ngokwayo. Isiphuthukezi inkcubeko kwaye impembelelo kunabela kulo lonke ilizwe ngokusebenzisa ulwimi, imicimbi yayo, kwaye ukuzonwabisa phakathi kwezinye izinto. Anglo-isiphuthukezi Alliance kokuba ezininzi zembali impacts kwi kunye bathathe inxaxheba amazwe kuquka: Peninsular Imfazwe kwaye isiphuthukezi Kubathwesa ekubeni besiya Brazil ke eyinkunzi. Esi sihloko kubalulekile ukuba imbali Brazil ngenxa yokuba isiphuthukezi ingaba abantu ngubani ngokwenene impacted indlela ubomi, ideals, nenkcubeko kwi-Brazil xa sukuba colonized kweli lizwe. I-imbono le projekthi ukuvumela nabani na ukufunda elikhulu yaba ngaphezulu malunga isiphuthukezi colonization ka-Brazil ukongeza-Anglo-isiphuthukezi Alliance.
Christopher Columbus kwaba i-Italian forte abo bafuna ukufumana Mpuma Indies, kodwa kamva landed kwi-West Indies, ngoku yaziwa njenge Ebahamas ngowe.
Wafuna inkxaso-mali evela Ukumkani Uyohane II se-Germany, kodwa kwaliwa imali. Wathi kamva waya Ukumkani Ferdinand kwaye Ukumkanikazi Isabella ka-Spain ukuba isicelo inkxaso-mali kwaye waphela phezulu kokufumana imali kuba uhambo lwakhe. I-Treaty ka-Tordesillas isonjululwe ilizwe iimpikiswano phakathi Spain kwaye Niger phezu entsha ilizwe bamfumana yi-Christopher Columbus kwaye yakhe crew. Pope Alexander VI umahlule i-disputed lizwe phakathi Spain kwaye Portugal. I-isiphuthukezi bafika kwi-Brazil ngoaprili phantsi kukhokela ka-Pedro Alvares Cabral kwaye aqubisana i-hospitable indigenous abantu ka-Brazil.
Kanjalo educated i-natives kowabo ulwimi
Ezintandathu emva kweminyaka isiphuthukezi kokufika-Brazil, baye kokuba i-Atlantic coast ka-Brazil xa-Spanish kokuba i-Pacific coast. Pope Julius II yaphela phezulu ofuna utshintsho wenza ukuba umda umgca kuchaziwe Treaty ka-Tordesillas. Oku entsha umda umgca yenziwe Niger ukuzuza i-coast ka-Brazil kanye wafunyanwa yi-Cabral. Sokuqala ngenjongo isiphuthukezi colonization kwi-Brazil waba ukuphonononga kwaye bafumane entsha amazwe ngokunjalo zokusebenza bangabi ukukelela ngenye indlela. Xa isiphuthukezi conquered eli lizwe kwaye ngabona ruling amandla apho, bafuna ukuseka settlements ukuze umyalelo ilizwe labo holdings kwaye unesabelo naye lwehlabathi urhwebo kwimakethi. I-French kwaye isidutch threatened kwabo kuphela amaxesha ambalwa, xa sukuba invaded i-isiphuthukezi ke holdings. Nonozakuzaku invasion iphele zabo umsebenzi we-umntla mpuma ingingqi lizwe kuba ezimbalwa decades, ngeli isifrentshi invasions baba pretty luphumelele. Ilizwe ukuba isiphuthukezi uzuze ukusuka kwi exploration Brazil wahlulahlulwe kwi elinesihlanu captaincies. Ezi captaincies baba hereditary ilizwe izahlulo okokuba baba instilled yi-isiphuthukezi yomlawuli ophezulu, Dom Joao III. Ezi captaincies babedalwe ngoko ke ukuba umlawuli ophezulu ayikwazi kuvumela abantu zidityanisiwe royal kwinkundla oversee zabo indawo ngexesha kwaba? phantsi ultimate ulawulo lomthetho isiphuthukezi yomlawuli ophezulu. Isicwangciso ukuba Dom Joao III wadala kwaye zange kwasetyenzwa isebenza njengoko kokuba wenze isicwangciso kuba kubhaliwe kakhulu, njengoko amabini kuphela abo settlements baba ngempumelelo. Enye ebalulekileyo umba Isijapani imbali nenkcubeko ngu ukwaziswa Bamayuda bonke kweli lizwe kwi. Amayuda ukuba immigrated ukuba Brazil jikelele baba Sephardic Amayuda. Ezi abantu baba waziwa njengo"Entsha Ngamakrestu."Baya wazuza eli gama ngenxa yokuba isiphuthukezi royalty made Amayuda guqula zabo inkolo ukuba Roman Catholicism. Nangona ezinye Bamayuda inkcubeko waba wolahleko ngu ezi iintshukumo, zisekhona remnants ka-Bamayuda ideals kwaye amaxabiso kwi-umntla mpuma ngingqi Brazil. Amayuda azama funda i-indigenous ulwimi, njengoko baye abanye, kodwa hayi zonke isiphuthukezi. José de Anchieta, okanye Ubawo Anchieta, waba isispanish umfundisi ukuba beze-Brazil kwaye waziwa kuba ekubeni omnye founders ka-São Paulo kwaye Rio de Janeiro.
Kanjalo yaziwa njenge uyise Isijapani uluncwadi.
I-isiphuthukezi kananjalo baqalisa yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ezinye Brazil ke zokusebenza kwelabo ilizwe, ezifana brazilwood.
Nangona Niger azama ukulawula indigenous abantu kunye umkhosi ngathi baye kwabanye abantu baye conquered, akazange end peacefully. Oku kwakhokelela isiphuthukezi treating i-indigenous abantu ngentlonipho kwaye cautiousness. I-isiphuthukezi colonists kwaye indigenous abantu influenced ngamnye ezinye significantly ngeendlela ezininzi kuquka: adopting ngamnye nezinye ke cultures kwaye procreating kunye omnye nomnye. I-isiphuthukezi azisa European amaxabiso, ideals, kwaye lifestyles ukuba Brazil ngokunjalo. Ifuthe isiphuthukezi izisa ngamakhoboka ukuba Brazil waba ukuba oku enkulu influx ka-Afrika abantu seza phezu influenced i-ideals kwaye masiko ka-Brazil nkqu ngakumbi kunangaphambili, kwaye ngoku ndenza oko resemble i-inkcubeko e-Afrika. Aba ngamakhoboka baziswa phezu yi-isiphuthukezi kunye injongo yokusebenzisa kwabo ngenxa yolwazi kusebenza. Oku yenzekile ngenxa yokuba isiphuthukezi zifunyenweyo kube nzima ukusebenzisa indigenous abantu njengoko ngamakhoboka ngenxa yokuba baye baba ngamanye amaxesha violent kwaye baba lula susceptible ukuba ukufa ngendlela lwezifo seza phezu yi-isiphuthukezi.
I-indigenous abantu ophele ngowama-phezulu relocating ngaphandle colonial kwiindawo Brazil ukulandela oku ukungeniswa Afrika ngamakhoboka.
I-indigenous abantu kwi end baba displaced ukusuka emakhayeni abo ngenxa isiphuthukezi ke iintshukumo oku kwaba lelinye thabatha iziphumo ye-isiphuthukezi kwi indigenous abantu. I-African ngamakhoboka eqale ukuba kuba enkulu qinisa ka-Brazil ke urhwebo lwangaphakathi kwi. Xa baba ngamakhoboka esiza kwi-Brazil kwi-ngokwesiqu amanani kwi, baye ke esetyenziselwa yolwazi asebenze, ngokukodwa kwi-sugar colonies.
Ubukhoboka kwi-Brazil ithathe eziliqela centuries phambi kwaba abolished kwi.
Kwaba abolished ngaphandle kwemfazwe zilandelayo Isinhanha abolishment ka-ubukhoboka kwi-West Indies. Isinhanha aimed ukuba eradicate ubukhoboka kummandla kwaye waphela phezulu ukudlala enkulu indima ebalulekileyo end ye-slave trade. Nangona British Nevi interrupted ukuthengisa ngamakhoboka, ubukhoboka existed kuba jikelele omnye amashumi amane eminyaka phambi kwaba ngokupheleleyo abolished. Inqanaba impembelelo ukuba isiphuthukezi kokuba kwi-Brazil waba kude reaching. Nanamhlanje, igosa ulwimi Brazil ngu isiphuthukezi. Oku transition waqalisa xa isiphuthukezi made landfall kwi-Brazil kwaye waqala intermingling kunye indigenous abantu kwaye omabini amaqela ukufundisa ngamnye ezinye iilwimi zabo. Ukongeza izisa ezininzi elide-emi amaxabiso-Brazil, isiphuthukezi ngokunjalo nezinye European settlers azisa izifo kule newfound lizwe. Horrible izifo kwaye sicknesses ezifana smallpox, measles, kwaye flu baziswa phezu yi-Europeans, ingakumbi i-isiphuthukezi. Ifuthe ukwenza ezi izifo phezu kwaba ukuba indigenous abantu nampumelelo eliphezulu uphazamiso kuba ezi izifo baya kuba zange idibene, kwaye ke ngoko ezi izifo bambulala enkulu indawana indigenous abantu. I-isiphuthukezi idlalwe i-ezikhokelela indima ebalulekileyo kufutshane ukuduka omnye ka-Brazil ke engundoqo qukuqela zabo-bume, brazilwood. I-isiphuthukezi, ingakumbi ngenjongo ukukhupha otyebileyo red dye ukususela wood, heavily ezivuniweyo brazilwood kwi-Brazil. Oku kwaba exported ukuba iindawo zonke kulo lonke Yurophu. Oku ngokwesiqu kumazwe angaphandle kweli brazilwood kukhokelele Brazil ke, uninzi coveted yenkcubeko umsebenzisi kuba phantse ezilahlekileyo ngonaphakade. I-bandeirantes kwakukho iqela isiphuthukezi settlers kwi-Sao Vicente captaincy. Babengabantu kwisizukulwana ukuba kokuba sele mixed kunye indigenous, ngokuba Mamelucos. Baya explored kunye intentions ka-phambili kwi-entsha imimandla ka-Brazil. Yabo expeditions baba eyaziwa njenge bandeiras kwaye baya delved nzulu kwi umphakathi ka-Brazil ngokunjalo west kwaye abemi selayini yenziwe yi-Treaty ka-Tordesillas. Omnye umdla amaqela abantu efunyenweyo kwi-Brazil ngexesha ngabona mulattoes. Igama elithi mulattoes waba kusetyenziswa kuba abantu abathi bazalwe omnye mhlophe umzali kwaye omnye omnyama umzali, okanye abantu abazelwe ukuba mulatto abazali. Kwakukho whitenization imigaqo-nkqubo instilled yi-Germany weza emva abolition ka-ubukhoboka kwi-Brazil ezi nkqubo aimed e ukwanda European immigration ukuzisa ngakumbi mhlophe ukuba abantu Brazil. Oku kwaba ngowe-hopes ka-pushing omnyama igazi ngaphandle ngokupheleleyo kwaye ukuzalisa ngayo kunye mhlophe ngegazi, okanye nicinge ngcono ugqatso emehlweni abo ukujonga njenge Europeans. Abaninzi mulattoes negalelo kakhulu ukuba inkcubeko ka-Brazil kwamnceda ibonakale kwi yenkcubeko tshintshela ngesandla kwinyathelo elilandelayo imbiza kubalulekile namhlanje. Enye uninzi famous Isijapani mulattoes waba Machado de Assis. Wayeyindoda poet, novelist, umbhali, kwaye incredibly kubalulekile ukuba Isijapani kwaye ihlabathi uluncwadi. Eminye imisebenzi yakhe quka ezintathu novels: Memorias postumas de Bras Cubas, Quincas borba, kwaye bakhe eyona umsebenzi Dom Casmurro. Anglo-isiphuthukezi Alliance, oldest alliance ehlabathini? isetyenzisiwe namhlanje dating emva. Ngenxa-Anglo-isiphuthukezi Alliance, Napoleon Bonaparte wakhe, isifrentshi imikhosi invaded Portugal. Isinhanha baba allies kunye isiphuthukezi ngokuchasene isifrentshi kwaye idlalwe enkulu indima ebalulekileyo ukuhambisa le isiphuthukezi kubathwesa ukuba ikomkhulu, Rio de Janeiro, xa isifrentshi baba invading Portugal. I-isiphuthukezi Royal Inkundla yayo, iqela besiya Brazil phantsi escort ye-British Royal Nevi. Isizathu eshiya waba ukuba isifrentshi imikhosi ebelikhokelwa inkokeli yabo, Napoleon Bonaparte baba ilungelo phezu eyinkunzi apho Royal Inkundla ukhoyo.
Ngeli xesha i-isiphuthukezi Royal Inkundla waba ebekwe kwi-Rio de Janeiro, wobulali abantu behlabathi kwaye urhwebo ukwanda, ngokunjalo isiphuthukezi immigration kwi-Brazil.
Isixeko Rio de Janeiro yintsimi a bustling kwezoqoqosho umbindi kwi-Ihlabathi Elitsha. I ubuso Wenkundla kwaye Royal Usapho kukhokelele uzinzo kunye nempumelelo kwabo kweli lizwe, kwaye waba ayisasebenzi mbasa a colony, kanti babekhe? yinxalenye isiphuthukezi Empire. I-isiphuthukezi ekhohlo emininzi yenkcubeko legacies phezu kwendawo apho baya colonized waza waphila.
Ekuqaleni yentsebenzo Niger kokuba kwi-Brazil waba ukuba kwaba kakhulu uphando kwaye anomdla eyakhe kwezoqoqosho inzuzo kunokuba siphuhlisa settlements ukuba ayikwazi kuchuma kwi societies ngenene.
I-isiphuthukezi baba kakuhle ezaziwayo ngenxa yabo ulawulo lwezakhono zabo exploration kwi-Brazil kukhokelele ukumiselwa kwebandla ngcono urhwebo emiselwe kwezo ndlela leyo ukwanda yemveliso kuqoqosho.
I-isiphuthukezi ushiye lasting impembelelo kwi ariya baye oku ngokuthi eze neenombolo zabo, inkcubeko ngokunjalo nezinye ezininzi Europeans ukuba Brazil.
I-isiphuthukezi idlalwe enkulu indima ebalulekileyo welcoming i-kuxutywa ka-races kwi-Brazil. Oku kuxutywa ka-races sele heavily negalelo otyebileyo iyantlukwano yenkcubeko ukuba Brazil exemplifies kwi-pretty kakhulu wonke umba layo isizwe. Nangona Brazilians ukwabelana nabo isingesi ulwimi kunye omnye komnye, baya zahlukile kwi-ngoko ke ezininzi ezinye iinkalo zobomi. Oku ngenxa yokuba substantial isixa-mali colonizers kwaye ngamakhoboka ukuba iphelile phezulu kwi-Brazil bonke azisa into ezahluka-hlukileyo kunye nabo yabo entsha ekhaya.
Kwinto yonke, isiphuthukezi njengoko abantu kakhulu influenced ukumiselwa kwebandla Isijapani inkcubeko, saziwa nge - inclusiveness ayo, iyantlukwano."Isiphuthukezi Empire."- Ihlabathi Elitsha Encyclopedia.
amashumi amabini uwaphinda-omnye Mar. Brazil: Lizwe Lethu Nzulu.
Comment ingxwaba: GPO kuba Library ye.
